In 1080p30 mode, the D800 records in an IPB format using a 15-frame GOP. After loading the video files into a 32-bit Adobe After Effects project, I selected I, P, and B-frames from the second GOP in each video sample. I then displayed and cropped them at 200% magnification in side-by-side 24Mbps versus 36Mpbs and 54Mbps versus 64Mbps comparison shots, and saved screenshots of each comparison.
I-frame Comparison @ 1080p30 - 24Mbps vs 36Mbps

I-frame Comparison @ 1080p30 - 54Mbps vs 64Mbps

P-frame Comparison @ 1080p30 - 24Mbps vs 36Mbps

P-frame Comparison @ 1080p30 - 54Mbps vs 64Mbps

B-frame Comparison @ 1080p30 - 24Mbps vs 36Mbps

B-frame Comparison @ 1080p30 - 54Mbps vs 64Mbps

H.264 encoders divide each video frame into horizontal and vertical rows of tiles called macroblocks. Sophisticated compression techniques are used to compress the encoded data within each macroblock, reusing image data from adjacent macroblocks and video frames. After the H.264 decoder reconstructs the encoded pixel data, it uses a built-in Deblocking Filter to blend the rectangular edges of the adjacent macroblocks together. With extremely detailed moving images, however, the encoder's image quality may deteriorate when it reaches the limits of its maximum bitrate. This can produce not only smeared image details, but undesireable macroblock artifacts as well, which can be seen in the sporadic rectangular edges in detailed areas of the decoded frame grabs.
Frame grabs from the 54Mbps and 64Mbps videos show significantly fewer macroblock artifacts and finer image details than the 24Mbps and 36Mbps videos. However, macroblock edge artifacts can still be seen in 54Mbps and 64Mbps frames. More seamless results could potentially be produced by hacking the encoder's Deblocking Filter coefficients. A more effective Deblocking Filter might also make it possible to achieve artifact-free image quality at bitrates low enough to be played back in-camera.